The United States Department of the Interior worked with officials from New Jersey, as well as the state's Senate and Congressional delegation, to develop a development management plan for the Pinelands. Due to the large size of the forest, as well as 300 years of human development, the area could not be protected and preserved in its entirety. The proposed airport generated public opposition and united conservation efforts among farmers, hunters, and environmentalists, who believed that the region was vulnerable to the spread of urban sprawl of the northeastern United States. This project would develop a satellite city of about 250,000 people, and would cover about 50 sq mi (130 km 2) in ecologically sensitive parts of the Pine Barrens. In 1964, the Pinelands Regional Planning Board proposed building a "supersonic jetport" in Ocean County to alleviate flight traffic in the New York metro. The earliest efforts to protect the New Jersey Pine Barrens started in the 1960s. Settlers in the region used the area's cedar, oak, and pitch trees, as well as local tar and turpentine, for sawmill, gristmill, and shipbuilding industry. During the 17th century, the area was explored and settled by the Swedish, Dutch, and the English, eventually becoming a part of the U.S. Around 10,000 years ago, the ancestors of the Lenape people first inhabited the Pine Barrens. Over millions of years, the rising and falling of the coastline deposited minerals underground, culminating with the end of the last ice age about 12,000 years ago, when plants and trees began growing in what is now New Jersey. History īetween 170–200 million years ago, the Atlantic coastal plain began to form. Established by Congress in 1978, it is one of the nation's first national reserves, established along with Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve. Byrne State Forest, Bass River State Forest, Penn State Forest, and Double Trouble State Park, which provide public recreation facilities. The reserve contains Wharton State Forest, Brendan T. It is protected by state and federal legislation through management by local, state, and federal governments and the private sector. The Pinelands is a unique location of historic villages and berry farms amid the vast oak-pine forests ( pine barrens), extensive wetlands, and diverse species of plants and animals of the Atlantic coastal pine barrens ecoregion. New Jersey Pinelands National Reserve (also known as Pinelands National Reserve) is a national reserve that encompasses the New Jersey Pine Barrens.
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